ROI Calculator

Calculate Return on Investment (ROI) and annualized yields.

$
$
yr
Total Return on Investment (ROI)
25.00%
Absolute Profit/Loss
+$2,500.00
Annualized ROI
16.04%
Compound rate per year
Gain per $ Invested
$1.25
Total Return Multiplier

How to Use

1

Enter the initial investment

Input the total capital invested including any acquisition fees or commissions.

2

Enter the final value

Input the current value or sale proceeds before any taxes on gains.

3

Enter the holding period

Set the duration in years for an annualized (CAGR) return calculation.

4

Compare across investments

Use the annualized ROI to compare investments held for different time periods fairly.

What is ROI?

Return on Investment directly measures the amount of return on an investment relative to its cost. Annualized ROI goes a step further by showing what the equivalent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) would be over the specific time period you held the asset.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a good ROI percentage?

A "good" ROI is relative to the asset class and risk level. The S&P 500 has historically returned about 10% annually (7% inflation-adjusted). Individual stocks, real estate, and startups will all have different expected benchmarks.

What is the difference between ROI and CAGR?

ROI measures the total percentage return from start to finish, regardless of time. CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate), also called Annualized ROI, normalizes that return into an equivalent yearly rate. CAGR is essential for comparing investments held for different durations.

Real-World Examples & Use Cases

Stock & Portfolio Performance Review

Individual investors reviewing their stock portfolio need ROI calculations to understand true performance. Buying 100 shares of a stock at $45 and selling at $72 after 3.5 years generates a total return of 60% ($2,700 gain on $4,500 investment). The annualized CAGR is approximately 14.4%. Comparing this to an S&P 500 index fund's 10% annualized historical average reveals whether active stock selection outperformed passive investing during the same period.

Real Estate Investment Analysis

Real estate investors calculate ROI across multiple dimensions: appreciation ROI on purchase price, rental yield as annual income divided by acquisition cost, and total return combining both. A property bought for $300,000 that appreciates to $420,000 over 7 years shows a 40% total appreciation, or roughly 4.9% CAGR. Adding net rental income of $84,000 over seven years (after expenses) brings total return to 68% or approximately 7.6% annualized — a more complete picture for comparing real estate vs. other asset classes.

Marketing Campaign Effectiveness

Digital marketers measure ROI for advertising campaigns, email marketing, and SEO investments. A company spending $15,000 on a Google Ads campaign that generates $52,000 in attributed revenue has an ROAS of 3.47x but the ROI on the ad spend alone is 247%. More accurately, subtracting the cost of goods sold from revenue gives the true profit ROI. Marketing ROI calculations guide budget allocation decisions, helping teams double down on high-performing channels and cut underperforming ones.

Business Capital Investment Decisions

Business owners evaluating capital expenditures use ROI to compare investment options. Should you spend $50,000 on new equipment that generates $12,000 in annual profit (24% annual ROI) or invest in an expansion that costs $80,000 but generates $25,000 annually (31.25% annual ROI)? ROI analysis provides a common language for comparing investments of different sizes. Combined with payback period analysis, ROI helps prioritize capital allocation in businesses with limited investment budgets.

How It Works

ROI and CAGR are two related but distinct return metrics: Simple ROI (Total Return %): ROI = ((Final Value - Initial Investment) / Initial Investment) × 100 = (Net Profit / Cost) × 100 Annualized ROI (CAGR — Compound Annual Growth Rate): CAGR = ((Final Value / Initial Investment)^(1/Years) - 1) × 100 Examples: $10,000 grows to $15,000 over 4 years: - Total ROI = (5,000/10,000) × 100 = 50% - CAGR = (1.5^(1/4) - 1) × 100 = 10.67% per year $10,000 grows to $15,000 over 2 years: - Total ROI = 50% (same absolute return) - CAGR = (1.5^(1/2) - 1) × 100 = 22.47% per year (much higher because shorter duration)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between ROI and CAGR?
ROI measures the total percentage return from start to finish, ignoring time. CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) expresses what constant annual return would produce the same result. A 50% total return over 5 years = 8.45% CAGR. A 50% return over 2 years = 22.47% CAGR. CAGR is required for fair comparison between investments held for different durations.
What is a good ROI for an investment?
Context determines what is good. US stock market (S&P 500) historical average: 10% annually (7% inflation-adjusted). Real estate: 6-8% including rental income. Savings accounts/CDs: 4-6% currently. Startup investments: 20-50%+ to compensate for risk. Always compare ROI to the risk-free rate and the benchmark for that asset class.
Does ROI account for taxes?
A basic ROI calculation does not include taxes. For after-tax ROI, subtract your estimated capital gains tax from the net profit before calculating. In the US, long-term capital gains (held 1+ year) are taxed at 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on income. Short-term gains are taxed at ordinary income rates, significantly impacting net ROI for short-holding investments.
What is negative ROI?
Negative ROI means the investment lost money — final value is less than initial investment. A stock bought at $10,000 and sold at $7,000 has an ROI of -30%. Negative ROI does not automatically mean the investment was a mistake — it depends on your risk tolerance, portfolio diversification, and whether the loss was part of a broader strategy.
What is the difference between ROI and ROE?
ROI (Return on Investment) measures return relative to the total capital invested. ROE (Return on Equity) is specific to business analysis and measures net profit relative to shareholders equity (total assets minus liabilities). ROE is a key metric for evaluating how effectively a company uses shareholder capital to generate profit.
Disclaimer: The results provided by this calculator are estimates for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute professional financial advice. Always consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any major financial decisions.

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